Radio Shack 22-218 Průvodce řešením problémů

The "Life’s a Switch" project was sponsored by:National Science Foundation, Biomedical Engineering Program and Research to Aid Persons with

7switches can be bought and made into your own assistive devices averaging a cost ofaround $10.00. This affordable solution is gained through the und

8Safety Guide• What you need to know when working with electricity• Do’s and don’ts for electronic devices and wiring• Getting comfortable with ele

9Electrical SafetyDo examine cords periodically and check for fraying or other damage.Do check that cord ratings are the same or higher than the Watts

10Battery Care and SafetyØ Store batteries in a cool dry place, never in direct sunlight. Never leave batteries intemperatures below 30° F or above

11Basic Circuits• Power source and load• Switches• Voltage, current, and resistance• Ohm’s Law• Types of circuits

12Basic CircuitsAfter learning the necessary precautions that should be taken when working withelectricity, it is now possible to build assistive equi

13SwitchesThere can be many elements within a circuit. One common element within a circuit is aswitch. A switch is a device that when triggered clos

14Ohm’s Law:Ohm’s Law is a formula used in electronics to calculate an unknown amount of current,voltage, or resistance. Current is abbreviated I. Vo

15Parallel CircuitA parallel circuit has two or more branching paths for the current to travel. This isaccomplished by constructing the loads paralle

16Circuit with a Toy:Now that you have an understanding of basic circuits and the difference between seriesand parallel circuits, it is important to u

National Science Foundation •••• College of Engineering •••• Wyoming New Options in TechnologyUniversity of Wyoming •••• Laramie, WY 82071Life’s a Swi

17Equipment Operation Guide• Voltage/ohmmeter operation• Soldering iron• Wire stripping

18What is a multimeter?A multimeter is a combination of three meters used to take measurements from anelectric circuit. A typical multimeter includes

19General Tips:• Never connect a multimeter to a wall outlet or any similar power supply.• Do not drop the multimeter.• Use the tips of the probes

204. Now that you know how to select thefunction and scale on the multimeter,check this before touching the probe tipsto the circuit. To connect the

21Using the ammeter function1. The ammeter measures the current in a circuit. To measure current, the circuitmust be broken to connect the ammeter i

22ApplicationsThe following applications are examples of simple uses for the multimeter. Theseare only a few ways to make use of a multimeter and are

23Check for a connection in a switchSet the multimeter to the ohmmeter function. Make sure there is no powerconnected to the switch. You can check w

24SolderingSoldering forms electrical connections quickly and with little expense. This technique iseasy to learn and safe if the following precautio

255. Preheat the area of the connection by holding the iron tip on the area for a coupleseconds. With the iron tip still heating, apply solder to co

26Wire StrippingThe wire cutter/stripper shown and recommended in this kit is adjustable for 10 to 30gauge wire. A larger gauge wire has a smaller di

Table of ContentsOverview of WIND/WYNOT……………………………………………………………1Objectives……………………………………………………………………………….. 4Overview of the Manual………………………………………………………

27Switch Technology• Switch selection• Switch technology• Pole versus throw terminology• Commercially available switches

28Switch TechnologySwitch SelectionMany different switches are available on the market that can meet the needs of childrenwith disabilities. In the f

29switch is closed (connected) unless the switch is activated. This would be a switch wherethe toy would always be running unless the switch is press

30Commercially available switchesNow that you know a little bit about switch technology, use the following list as a shortguide to commercially availa

31Push Button SwitchThe push button is another common switch. The bottom only has two leads so wiring iseasy. There are two types of push button swi

32• Switch Adaptation• Battery interrupters• Switch extension cords• Jacks and plugs• System connected with a toy

33Switch AdaptationYou are finally ready to begin making your own switch and adapting it to a toy. Thefollowing sections include directions for all o

343. Pull the jack and the plug set apart, to separate the two pieces from each other.Unscrew the plastic casing from the jack and the plug. The pic

35Inline JackMaterialsInline JackPolarized, Stranded WireEquipmentSoldering Iron and SolderWire StripperInstructions:1. Construct an Inline Jack in t

36Battery InterrupterMaterialsThin Clear Plastic (packaging from curling irons, electronic equipment, and toys)Copper TapePolarized, Stranded Wire att

1Overview Of WIND/WYNOT:

374. Solder one lead to the copper tape on one side of the battery interrupter. Solder theother lead to the copper tape on the other side of the bat

38SwitchMaterialsPolarized, Stranded wire attached to the Inline PlugSwitch of your choiceEquipmentSoldering Iron and SolderWire StrippersInstructions

39Conclusion of Switch AdaptationNow you have a wire soldered to a plug and to a switch. This plug connects to a jack,which runs to a toy.

40BatteryToy as a Series CircuitToySwitchYou now have all the components to make a toy into a series circuit. You have made abattery interrupter, whi

41Using Switch AdaptationYou can now make the system shown on the previous page into many different types ofassitive switches. Examples of assitive s

42Switch Design and Implementation• Large button switch• Tread switch• Pillow switch

43Large Button SwitchMaterialsCap or lid*, about 3” diameterPushbutton SwitchBase piece of wood or plastic, about the size of the cap or largerPolariz

443. If the switch terminals go through the base, or if any part of the switch will gothrough the base, feed the wire leads through the hole/s so the

45Tread SwitchMaterialsMini SPDT Roller Lever SwitchTwo Boards or Plexiglass panels (3 ½” x 6”)Polarized, Stranded Wire attached to an Inline PlugRule

46bottom of the switch can fit through. If so, measure the distance between theterminals and drill these holes now. Be sure to hold the drill so the

2Overview of WIND/WYNOT:WYoming New Options in Technology (WYNOT) is Wyoming’s federallyfunded assistive technology project and is administered by The

478. Now you will use the foam to supportthis top panel and to act as a spring toreturn the panel to its original positionafter pressing the switch.

48Pillow SwitchMaterials2 Copper Clad Boards (about 4 in. x 4 in.)Foam (about 1/8” thick)Foam (about ½” – 1” thick)Inline PlugPolarized, Stranded Wire

494. Cut out the center of the foam circle, leaving about ½” around theouter edge. Place this piece in between the two copper cladboards, with the c

50Troubleshooting Guide

51Troubleshooting GuideWhat if you push the switch, but the toy won’t come on?• First, check that the plug and jack are securely connected. Check th

52Glossary

53GlossaryAC – Alternating Current. Current that reverses its direction at regular intervals, such asthe current produced from a wall power outlet.Am

54Ohm – The units used to describe resistance.Ohmmeter – A device used to measure the resistance through an element of a circuit.Open Circuit – A disc

55Switch Resources and Part Numbers

56Switch Resources and Part NumbersCap or Lid(Soap Dish)Store: K-MartPart #01900Price: $2.29Copper Clad Board(Dual Sided PC Board)Store: Radio ShackPa

3Funding For the Project:In order to provide this information, training, and assistance to Wyoming citizens,WYNOT has partnered with the College of En

4Objectives• Introduction to assistive technology• Stimulatory teaching aids• Outreach• Affordable solutions

5Introduction & Objectives:Before we begin to design and construct any assistive devices, it is important thatwe cover the basic objectives of thi

6using switches coupled with software programs, or modified toys to foster the child’srealization that they have impact and control over their environ